Water-closet



(No Model.)

P. W; KELLY.

WATER CLOSE-T. No. 268,025. Patented Nov. 28, 1882.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEECE.

FRANCIS W. KELLY, OF MINNEAPOLIS., MINNESOTA.,

WATER-CLOSET.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 268,025, dated November`28, 1882.

` Application ala July 20,1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, FRANCIS WlLLIAM KEL- LY,a citizen of the United States, and a.resident of Minneapolis, in thecounty of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have made certain new 'anduseful Improvements in I/Vater- Closets, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to water-closets 5 andit consists in theconstruction and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter shown and asspecifb cally claimed.

lIn the drawings, Figure l is a transverse section throughthe bowl andtank on the line mw of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is aplan view of' the bowl andtank with the cover of the tank re-` moved.A Fig. 3 is a section of thetank on the line y y ofthe tank in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a side view of thebowl detached. Fig. 5 is a crosssectional view; and Fig. 6 is a planview, enlarged, of the joint connecting the bowl and its discharge-tube,illustrating the manner ot constructingit. Fig. 7 is an enlargedsectional view of the flushing-valve, and Fig. 8 is the same with theparts disconnected. Fig. 9 is a front view; and Fig. 10 isa sectionalview,

enlarged, otl the combined washing and bowl supply valve.

A is the usual earthenware bowl for receiving the deposits, and B' themetal flushingtank, placed alongside the bowl, and the two connected attheir contracted lower ends with a large tube, C.

Leading from the tank B', below the tube C, is another Itube, D, eitherturned oft' to one side and downward at o, beneath the center of thebowl A, or in any other direction that the location of the apparatus mayrequire. At

i the junction of the'tubes C and D avalveseat,

b, is set, upon which a valve rests, as shown. This valve is constructedof a metal disk, c', having a curved lower side and a flat upper sideprovided with small spurs c2 and rounded Vouter edges, over which disk arubber cupshaped packing or cushion, e', is adapted to the cushion witlla washer, d2, and nut d3, by which the disk c and cushion e are rmlyconnected to the stem d. The stem runs up through the cover B2 of thetank B', and also through the seat E, and is provided with the ordinaryknob vor Kpullf7 F, whereby the valve may be raised from above in theordinary nlanner. By this construction of the valve no part of therubber cushion is left loose to be bent back and forth by the action ofthe water,

which soon breaks oft' their edges and causes them to leak. In myarrangement the edge of the valve-cushion is turned over and held downupon the disk c by the spurs c2, so that" the rubber is in the sameposition whether the valve is opened or closed. The rubber will bemolded, as shown in Fig. 8, and stretched over the disk when placed inposition, so that no springy action will occur to displace it.

Branching from the tank Bis a small flat tube, h', adapted to beconnected to a similar tube, h2, branching from the bowl A, wllereby apassage-way is opened between the tank and bowl.

The lower edge of the tube i', leading from the bowl A, is provided witha small collar or rib on the outside, adapted to flt into a smallcollar, i2, on the tube C, andfheld in place by set-screws t3, as shownin Figs. 4t and 5, the remainder of the space between the tube i andflange i2 being filled with cement ot' any suitablekind to form a gasand water tight joint, the set-screws preventing the strain coming upon`the cement;

B3 is a tube running down the outside of the tank B from its top to thebottom, alld opening intothe tube D below the valve e'. Tile upper partof this tube B3 is larger than the lower part to provide room for asmall trap B4, opening at one endinto the tank B and at the other endinto the tube B3, thereby forming an overflow for the tank, and by itsform serving as a trap to prevent the gas from the tubes passing intothe tank, being thus an ordinary water-trap. A small valve, g, will behinged over the inner end of this trap B4 to be opened only bypressurefrom within and closed by any back-pressure, to serve as an additionalsafeguard to prevent the escape of gas from the tubes B3 or D into thetank inevent of the trapfailing to operate.

. G isa valve-casing screwed through the side of the tank Bl from theinside, and connected on the outside with a tube, G2, leading to thehydrant or tank for supplying water to the apparatus.

G3 is another tube, leading from the top of the casing G out through thetank B and into a small projecting tube, G4, on the side of the bowl A.Leading from this tube G4 are two oppositely-branching ports, a a2,opening at angles into the bowl, as shown, so that the stream ot' waterfrom the tubes will be divided and enter the bowl from two directions,as hereinafter shown.

The valve-casing Gl is formed on the inside,

near its forward end, with a smooth conical valve-seat, G5, and hack ofthe opening into the tube G3 with a double screw-thread adapted toreceive a threaded valve-stem, G6, ot' a conical valve, G7, the latteradapted to t upon the conical seat G5. By forming the screwthread in thecasing G and on the stem GS double or with two threads, one inside theother, a small movement of the stem around its center will cause thevalve to be opened a longer distance than it would be were only onethread used. The stem G5 is continued out beyond the casing G through astuffing-box, G8, and provided on the outside with a serrated-edged hub,G9, over which a similarlyserrated collar, G10, tits. lInto the side ofthis collar G10 is secured a rod, H', on the opposite end of whichafloat, H2, is attached, the oat adapted to lie upon the water in thetank. By thisv arrangement it will be seen that if the float be raisedthe' valve will be closed, and if the lloat be lowered the valve will beopened, the double screw-thread on its stem insuring its wide r openingby a comparatively small downward movement of the float. When the valveis thus opened the water from 'the hydrant or supply-tank is thus freeto flow into the bowl A through the parts n n2, and thus wash it out, ashereinafter shown.

N is a tube connecting the rear upper parts of the tank and bowl to eachother, and pro- I vided at the center with a three-way coupling,

N2, from the bottom of which a tube, N3, branches down to a safeupon orbeneath the floor upon which the apparatus rests, and from the side ofwhich coupling another tube, N4, branches and turns upward and outward,and is conveyed to a Ventilating chimney or shaft, the upward turn ofthe tube being to prevent any water from the bowl or tank from flowinginto it. By this means au additional overflow is provided for the tankand bowl through the tubes N and N3 in case of the failure of the trapB4 to operate, while at the same time, by means of the larger tube, N4,a perfect ventilator 'is formed, and by turning the tube N4 upwardbefore it passes to the chimney no water or matter from the bowl or tankcan get into it, but will flow off through the tube N3. When the tankand bowl are empty the float H2 will fall and open the valve G7 andallow the water to flow into the bowl through the ports n a2 and iill itup, and also the tank B as far as the line z, until the water has raisedthe iioat high enough to close the valve G7 again, the valve e having.of course been previously closed.

By adjusting the float H2 higher or lower with relation to the valve G"the water-line z may be raised or lowered at pleasure. Thisadjustment-of the float is made by means of the serrations on the hub G9and in the ring Gl", as will be readily seen that by removing the ringGl0 from the hub G9 and replacing it with another set of the teeth incontact with each other the float may be adjusted to act upon the valveG7 at a higher or lower point ofelevation, and thus raise or lower thewaterline z. By making the serrations small the iloat may be adjusted toa very small degree.

When itis desired to discharge the apparatus the valve c is raised, whenthe water is free to flow out ot' the bowl A through the tubes() and D.The raising ot' the valve e shuts oi" to a very large extentthecommunication between the tank B and tube C, it being raised abovethe tube C, so that the water from the tank, as soon as the water iu thebowl sinks below the line of. the water in the tank, will begin to runinto the bowl through the tube h h2, and the exit from the bowl at ibeing much larger than the tube h2 la', the bowl will soon be emptiedand the water from the tank flow in with some force and wash out thebowl thoroughly. At the same time the oat will fall with the water inthe tank,y open the valve G7, and permit the water to flow through theports n n2. As before stated, these ports, branching in oppositedirections, carry the streams of water around the entire inside surfaceof the upper partof the bowl, and insures its more perfect cleansing.This arrangement is especially beneficial where oval or oblong bowls areused, as one single stream. fails to do the work efficiently. The waterwill continue to ow through the ports a' a2 until the IOO IIO

valve e is closed and enough water has flowed into the bowl to fill thelatter and the tank B high enough to raise the float Hzand close thevalve G7. By this construction a much greater force'is given to the4water that flows from the tank into the bowl than by any other apparatuswith which I am acquainted.

In most water-closets heretofore constructed the .water and matter fromthe bowl passes through the lower part of the tank and comes in contactwith the valve, while in this arrangement the water from the tank passesinto the bowl after the matter and water have leftit, and acts as awasher7 to the bowl in addition to the washing from the ports n n2. Thisutilizing of the large body of water from the tank to wash the bowl, andnot merely to ow through the lower end of the bowl, as in other devices,is a very important part ot' my invention.

Small wings t may be placed upon the valve G7 or its stem, upon whichthe water may act to turn the stem and close the valve should the floatbecome broken or detached.

. I do not claim in `this application, broadly, the construction-ot'.the valve, but reserve the right to Vmake the same the subject of aseparate application.

5 What I claim as new is- 1. In a water-closet, the combination ofdeposit-bowl and awater-tank, both adapted to hold water andcommunicating with each other Y below the water-line of nboth,and avalve which, to when opened, permits the contents of the bowl to bedischargedand` water to pass from the tank through the bowl in quantityTsufficient to flush the bowl, substantially as and for the.,

purpose set forth.

` 15 2. In a water-closet, the combination of a a `flushing-tube, -h h2,r tube C, and a valve, e',

controlling the opening and closing of tube C, 3o `and fitting in theneck of the tank, so as to out o the tank from tube O and cause thewater to ow from the tank .into the bowl through the flushing-tube,substantially `asand for the purposes set forth. 3 5

` 4. The combination ofthe bowl A, tank B', connecting-tube N N3, andVentilating-tube N, substantially as set forth.

5."Ihe combination of bowl A, tank B',

`tubes G2 G3, ports n n2, a valve for controlling 4o Athe How of waterfrom. one ot' said tubes to the other, and a tloat connected to andadapted to be movedto open and close said valve, substantially as setforth.

6. The tube D, having vthe valve-seat b, iu 45 combination with thevalve consisting of the disk c', rubber Acushion e', adapted to foldover the edge of said disk, and stein d', substantially as sei: forth.

In testimonywhereof I have hereunto set' 5o my handin the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

FRANCIS WILLIAM KELLY. Witnesses:

C. N. WooDwARD,

LoUIs Fnnsna, Sr.

